Qn
1 Agricultural Revolution saw humanity
moving onto a settled life as human labor was replaced by machines, fertilizers
which did most of the work. The industrial revolution brought about the use of
new energy sources, e.g., electricity and new methods of transport and
telecommunication. Colombian exchange brought about the exchange of plants and
animals thus replacing traditional staple foods with new foods. The emergence
of civilization brought about the use of writing and therefore developed architecture.
Qn
2(a) The rise of social classes;
development of better weapons made of iron, cities rose from competing
chiefdom to unified territories, the emergence of architecture which changed
the lifestyle of the people and saw the emergence of astronomy and enabled
correct predictions due to calendars.
Qn 2
(b) Environmental pollution brought
about by crowded cities leading to spread of diseases and huge industries that
dumped chemical waste in both water and land, Environmental degradation as
industries coming up meant that there was more deforestation, global warming;
extraction of greenhouse gases melt glaciers.
Qn
3 The strength of this statement is
that there were habitat alterations as more space for expansion was needed,
pollution was also felt deeply, The weakness of the statement is that it
contradicts itself that the natural environment has to be used more to raise
civilization.
Key
factors were economical as they needed to exploit other countries resources, to
spread religion; they believed they were a superior race, politically they had
to rule many countries as a show of power. The above reasons, therefore, prove
that imperialism was more of a result of civilization and revolution other than
an inevitable process.
REFERENCES
1.
Doyle, William (1992), The Old European Order 1660-1800, Oxford University
Press.
2.
Haberman, Arthur (1984), The
Making of the Modern Age, Gage Publishing.