An
underflow dam unit provides a barricade to pollutants suspended in runoff water
which otherwise finds a way through streets and streams. They use leaning
culverts to allow water which is moving downstream to run off while keeping the
spill well contained. The dam unit includes a dam sandwiched between limiting
side walls above the dam. The baffle’s lower limit extends below the height of
the dam forming a waterway between the baffle and the dam. Floating pollutants
become ensnared against the baffle while hydraulic pressure allows subsurface
stream water to flow the barrier channel and over the dam.
Overflow
dams carry water discharge over their crests and are made of materials not
easily eroded by the discharges, therefore, allowing water to flow over from
its top and afterward down to its front face. The dam sometimes acts as an
overflow spillway. They consist of a mass so heavy that the reservoir's water
cannot push the dam downstream (thicker at the base than the top). Horizontal
pressure on the dam is exerted as the water becomes deeper. Overflow spillways
are constructed where there is intense pressure as compared to underflow
spillways which cannot withstand massive pressure on the dam tipping it over.
REFERENCES
Conrad
J. D. (1997) Geomorphic Effects of
Overflow Dams. Brookfield, VT: Ashgate
Kyle E.
J. (1999) The Free Flow and Submergence
Of Underflow Dams. U.S. Geological Survey
Additional articles
Faith and Grief The loss of my grandfather greatly affected me spiritually and emotionally. He was a man I looked up to because he was the only father figure that I had known. We were very close, and when he died, I felt that he went...Coping-with-Grief:-Navigating-the-Intersection-of-Faith-and-Reason-in-the-Face-of-Loss …
Read ArticleThe London bridge attack is a terrorist attack that took place on the 3rd of June 2017 at around 21:58 local time. As narrated by witnesses, a white van drove from the north side onto the bridge and mounted on the pavement where it ran over sever...London-Bridge-Attack:-Incident-of-Terrorism …
Read ArticleThe Construction Stonehenge is one of the many recognizable structures from the ancient times and is said to have existed for over 3000 years now. The monument is said to have been built in various phases of different times from Neolithic peri...A-Criticism-of-the-Stonehenge …
Read Article