Title of the Article: Farmer
perception of land degradation and land quality in the Pindar’s River
Sub-watershed, Clarendon, Jamaica.
Author(s) of the
Article: Bailey, S.
Publication Date:
2003
Publication Source
(Journal, Volume & Number): Caribbean
Geography 13 (2):130-144.
Name:
GEA 3320
Fall 2018
Date Submitted:
Introduction
The article treats tourism in Dominica
as a part of a wider research of how the people in Dominica relate to their
nature. It also assesses how they conceive of their nature and how they
recognize nature, how nature came to exist, the role it plays in their lives as
well as their attitudes towards it. The article, therefore, presents arguments
and discussions that show how the Dominicans interpret and understand nature
because of their interaction and co-presence within it as they interact with
it.
The interest of the author is on the
actual interaction of individuals with nature as they associate on a day-to-day
basis with nature at a personal level. Moreover, the research involves the
attention of the manner in which individuals encounter and engage, giving
consideration not only to how individuals make sense of nature, but also they
use their personal senses to perceive or rather interpret the nature they live
within. It is a very noble approach taken by the researcher to get an in-depth
understanding of the perception of individuals on nature and the environment
around the Caribbean, which investigates perception in line with the cognitive
constructs. For example, it interprets perceptions in line with awareness,
justification, memory, understanding, and knowledge. According to the author,
it is important to focus on mental insights and the thinking processes and
thinking the process in place of embodied sensory impressions. It draws on the
expanded definition of perception including sensation and cognition and that
allows for the analysis of how the sensual and the intellectual giving people a
sense of the world that they exist.
The introduction frames the coming
argument as inspired by the interactions and the personal experiences of the
people of Dominica. The author seeks to use the research to give the perception
of the individuals, following their interaction on a day-to-day basis with the
nature around them and the perception that they from because of the
interaction. The author also goes ahead to give documentation and an in-depth
description of the Island regarding size and highlighting the facts known about
Dominica. It addresses the economic, agricultural, and other aspects that help
in shaping the article’s analysis since the overview directs the focus of the
people’s perception. It is because, people’s attitudes are formed as a result
of their interaction with the day-to-day activities and the external environment
that they live in and interact.
Argument
The researcher gives an overview of the
researches conducted on tourism and nature and indicates a gap in the studies
conducted indicating that there is an insufficiency in the academic dialogues
about nature and tourism and its consequences for the local people, their
communities, and their environment. According to the article, there is a
scarcity of the empirical investigations into the perception residents of
ecotourism destinations and their values and ways of thinking. There is,
however, some research on the resident’s involvement in perceptions and of the
attitudes to nature tourism and that some reports of how the habitual nature
related practices such as those of farming, fishing, harvesting, and hunting were
affected because of the introduction of the tourism to the nature that they
engage in the socio-economic activities. There has been insufficient empirical
information that indicate how the people take it or rather conceive, interact
with and behave e towards the tourism in the destinations.
Structure of the Paper
The author begins by outlining the
objectives of the research. In the section as they shown the objectives, it
gives an outline of the interaction and a case scenario of the kind of
interaction that people have with nature as they engage in tourism. He uses
semi-structured interviews with the practitioners and the policy makers in the
tourism industry within Dominica as well as the engagement in the nature tours
so as to have the first-hand observation of some of the interactions that
individuals have. The observations are done through guided tours of the tourist
destinations.
The article, however, present, more of
the data that was gathered through the direct observations as the researcher engages
in guided tours of some often destinations and witnesses the first-hand
interaction of the Dominicans to the tourism industry. It forces more on the
sensory aspects of the people’s perceptions of nature than on the cognitive
aspect of it. The observations were obtained majorly from observant
participants that took part in two guided tours of nature. One of the tours was
a bus tour that included a stop and a swim at the Ti Tou Gorge; that is close
to the Village of Laudat. The second tour was an aerial tour, whereby the
participants were transported through the rainforest canopy of the suspended
gondolas, which was at a site in the vicinity of Laudat.
The presentation of the data obtained
for further discussions noted in field notes. The first tour is therefore
presented in the author’s field notes and the second through brief transcripted
excerpts of a video recording. The video recording and the field notes are the
principal methods of data collection the author sued and hence can get an
opportunity to review them later to understand the perception and the reactions
that individuals had following a direct interaction with nature.
The analysis and the structuring of the argument begin with
a focus on the ways that tourists involves the bodily practice and that it
provides a starting point for discussion of how the bodily practices of the
tourism may constitute the relationship that individuals have with nature. With
the Ti Tou Gorge swim, it offered a sense of total immersion into the world of
nature. For much of the tour the researcher ensured that there was full body
contact with the water in the Gorge, with only the swimsuits and the flotation
devices that they wore. The author also presents the personal experience e and
sensations resulting from being involved and engaged in the tour and the study
in the field.
Literatures
The author focuses on literature that
documents research conducted about tourism, nature, and the academic dialogues
about nature and tourism and its consequences for the local people. The author
further analyzes the studies that offer the in-depth understanding and
perception of the individuals because of their interaction with the environment
as tourism occurs. It gives a detailed analysis of literature that provide the
information on embodied practices of tourism and also how they shape the
people’s knowledge of the place as well as the understanding of the existing
relationship between the individual and the world. However, the researcher
analyzes the studies on whether they focus on the tourist or the local people
and the impact that result from the interaction with nature.
The researcher further examines the
non-representational theory that amalgamates the embodiment of the daily
occurrences in human geography that inspires the research and the studies that
the researcher takes up in the literature review section. The author,
therefore, goes ahead top site books, scholarly articles, journals and other
past studies fitting the criteria of the literature review that they need to make
the argument and draw an inference on the research that they are conducting.
Methodology
The method used by the researcher is
the semi-structured interviews and direct observations. The researcher uses the
semi-structured interview for the practitioners and the tourist in the area to
collect information on their view and perspectives on the interaction with
nature as they engage in tourism. The researcher uses the semi-structured
interviews to leave the room for more input by just having a theme of what they
plan to ask and hence a theme guides the interview but the responses of the
residents are what direct it. It offers the researcher an opportunity to engage
the interviewees on their perspectives and get the personal experiences and
input of their interaction with the environment. It was a crucial tool for the
practitioners and the tourist.
The researcher then uses the
observations through engaging in the tours and having the participants that are
carefully selected take part in the tours are guided. It is crucial that they
have an immersion into nature and then the researcher notes down, observes the
kind of reactions, and inputs they-they have in the process of relating to
nature. It was a crucial tool for getting to understand the way that nature
shapes the perception of individuals as they engage in it. The tours involved
the actual interaction with nature with the first tour requiring a stop and a
swim at the Ti Tou Gorge, which is close to the Village of Laudat. The second
tour was the aerial tour, whereby the participants transported through the
rainforest canopy of the suspended gondolas, which was at a site in the
vicinity of Laudat.
The data collected is noted down by the
research her through the collection of points as they engage in observation as
the participants take part in the tours. The points are crucial for referencing
later as they draw a conclusion or make findings of the research. There is a
video of the participants as they engage in nature that offers an opportunity
to transcribe it for later referral in drawing a conclusion. The interviews are
analyzed and serve as the sources of data that is analyzed and used to draw a
conclusion. The data is presented in the text of the article by examining and
relying on the notes and the video transcription. The data can comfortably
support the conclusion and the conducting of the research to draw a conclusion
as it indicates the qualitative needed data.
Conclusion
The author concludes the article by
making clarifications on the intentions of the article and then indicating the
implication that it is bound to have the broader perspective. It indicates that
the research has been able to shift the attention of focus from the posited
meaning towards a more material composition and conduct approach of nature
tourism. The author goes ahead to emphasize that they are not rejecting the
wider socio-cultural context influences to their research topic. The author
goes ahead to stress the need for close attention to the details of actual
tourism practices at the local level, insisting that there is much to be
learned and hence presents an area that should be studied further in the
future.
Bibliography
The author uses 32 sources to reference
the research work. There are seven books cited, 23 journal articles, and two
past research papers relevant to the study that the author uses in the study.
The author uses the Bibliography to support the ideas that they present and to
build a literature surrounding and supporting the research that they are
conducting.
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