Understanding Political Institutions, Regimes, Aspirations, Inequality, Democracies, Political Parties, and Authoritarian Rule
1. Institutions
Institutions
can be described as mechanisms and
structures developed to establish social
order. They help govern the behavior of a
group of individuals within a community. They are
usually developed with a social purpose. Political institutions are usually developed for the creation, application, and enforcement of the law.
Examples of political institutions include
the parliament, the state, the judiciary and the penal institutions. The
parliament Isa an institution that deals with the development of laws that
govern a country. It influences the country’s political life by assessing its
needs and meeting these needs using relevant laws and policies. The penal
institution is also another institution that influences the political life in a
country. It does so by separating criminals with the rest of society.
2.
U.S Regime
The United States regime is characterized by democracy and human
rights.
It is a regime that is formally governed
by the declaration of independence and the United States Constitution. It is a regime based on
ideologies of equality and freedom. These are qualities that have made it a
leader in democracy. The constitution and the declaration of independence from the written elements of the regime while
the ideologies, culture, and attitudes of
the people form the unwritten elements of the regime.
It is based on a representative democracy
associated with the equal representation
of the people. Unwritten elements of the regime include its consideration for equality
and human rights.
3. Political aspirations
The
basis of national identity includes
emotional attachments to the nation, a sense of belonging, affiliation to close
traditions. These are also some of the reasons for political aspiration where
people fight to protect them. Another important political aspiration is to
represent those who cannot fully represent themselves. It is a basis of
national identity.
4. Inequality
Inequality
causes inefficiencies in a country’s economic system and limits the country from
achieving its economic potential. A system where there is equality and equal access
to opportunities is the most ideal. It
allows peaceful coexistence and overall economic development. Inequality is a sign
of social problems in a country. It is a threat to a political-economic system
because it limits the capacity of some group of people to develop economically.
In a democratic and a capitalistic economy, inequality can have great
implications on the general productivity of the nation. This is because this is a political and economic system rooted in equal rights. As a democracy power is with the people and the higher the capacity to
exercise power than the better the conditions. A democratic rule
provides the best environment because it creates incentives for success though
upholding freedom and equal rights among all citizens.
5. Democracies
Direct
and indirect forms of democracies are all based on
the power of the people. Direct democracies exert
more power directly as compared to indirect which offers more representation. Indirect
democracies are more popular because they are more effective and efficient in
pushing agendas as compared to direct democracy. Direct democracy can be
cumbersome whereby decision making is difficult and mobilizing all the people
can also be difficult. Reliance on initiative may result in the making of poorly thought out
decisions and may lead to the development of unsustainable policies. On the other use of referendum
explore aspects of indirect democracy which gives issues more time to be thought about, analyzed to develop the best
solution.
6. Political parties
Political parties are important in
democracies. They are credited with bringing people together and forming agendas
that would be used while in power. They also help push the agendas
of the party to the voters and convince them to elect a particular leader.
Their basic purpose is the nomination of a leader that would best represent it
and the people during an election. They help in the simplifying of choices for
voters of the people they ought to elect. The question associated with
political parties is whether they fully represent the interests of the people.
The system through which the public is
represented is also important; from single-member
district or proportional representation. The fundamental aspects are to ensure that the agendas of these parties
meet the needs of the society that they represent.
7. Aspects of democracy
There
are different aspects of democracy applied in different countries. This difference
is usually based on the level of freedom. Some countries practice total freedom while others are partly
free. There is a difference between countries led by populists democracies
while other based on autocratic democracy. Canada,
for example, is a country that practice democracy associated with total freedom.
A country like Mexico, on the other hand,
is a democracy but with limited freedom.
8. Explanations regarding why
democracy
An
authoritative rule is characterized by
the limited amount of freedom for its
people. However, they can still be legitimate when the limits of freedom are
only on choosing the leaders. They can also be legitimate if they meet the
needs of the people with no limitations.
Democracies are ideal for ensuring that the society is free. However, sometimes
democracies can be defective and lack efficient means of meeting the needs of
the people about freedom.
9. Authoritarian
An
authoritarian rule can offer a more efficient system of governance. This is because its decision making is fast and
does not need to consult the people. On
the other hand, decisions and ideas of democracies have to be agreed upon by
the majority and voted for to be
legitimate. This consumes time and
resources. An authoritarian government can easily drive the mandate of a nation
without any limitations. It lacks opposition,
and when the mandate is positive, then it
can be very beneficial to the society. On the other hand for democracy, a particular mandate has to first
resonate with a majority of the people before it can accepted. It can also receive heavy but unnecessary opposition
especially from opposing political parties.
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