Understanding Political Institutions, Regimes, Aspirations, Inequality, Democracies, Political Parties, and Authoritarian Rule

 

1.      Institutions

Institutions can be described as mechanisms and structures developed to establish social order. They help govern the behavior of a group of individuals within a community. They are usually developed with a social purpose. Political institutions are usually developed for the creation, application, and enforcement of the law. Examples of political institutions include the parliament, the state, the judiciary and the penal institutions. The parliament Isa an institution that deals with the development of laws that govern a country. It influences the country’s political life by assessing its needs and meeting these needs using relevant laws and policies. The penal institution is also another institution that influences the political life in a country. It does so by separating criminals with the rest of society.

2.      U.S Regime

The United States regime is characterized by democracy and human rights. It is a regime that is formally governed by the declaration of independence and the United States Constitution. It is a regime based on ideologies of equality and freedom. These are qualities that have made it a leader in democracy. The constitution and the declaration of independence from the written elements of the regime while the ideologies, culture, and attitudes of the people form the unwritten elements of the regime. It is based on a representative democracy associated with the equal representation of the people. Unwritten elements of the regime include its consideration for equality and human rights.

3.      Political aspirations

The basis of national identity includes emotional attachments to the nation, a sense of belonging, affiliation to close traditions. These are also some of the reasons for political aspiration where people fight to protect them. Another important political aspiration is to represent those who cannot fully represent themselves. It is a basis of national identity.

4.      Inequality

Inequality causes inefficiencies in a country’s economic system and limits the country from achieving its economic potential. A system where there is equality and equal access to opportunities is the most ideal. It allows peaceful coexistence and overall economic development. Inequality is a sign of social problems in a country. It is a threat to a political-economic system because it limits the capacity of some group of people to develop economically. In a democratic and a capitalistic economy, inequality can have great implications on the general productivity of the nation. This is because this is a political and economic system rooted in equal rights. As a democracy power is with the people and the higher the capacity to exercise power than the better the conditions. A democratic rule provides the best environment because it creates incentives for success though upholding freedom and equal rights among all citizens.

5.      Democracies

Direct and indirect forms of democracies are all based on the power of the people. Direct democracies exert more power directly as compared to indirect which offers more representation. Indirect democracies are more popular because they are more effective and efficient in pushing agendas as compared to direct democracy. Direct democracy can be cumbersome whereby decision making is difficult and mobilizing all the people can also be difficult. Reliance on initiative may result in the making of poorly thought out decisions and may lead to the development of unsustainable policies. On the other use of referendum explore aspects of indirect democracy which gives issues more time to be thought about, analyzed to develop the best solution.

6.      Political parties

Political parties are important in democracies. They are credited with bringing people together and forming agendas that would be used while in power. They also help push the agendas of the party to the voters and convince them to elect a particular leader. Their basic purpose is the nomination of a leader that would best represent it and the people during an election. They help in the simplifying of choices for voters of the people they ought to elect. The question associated with political parties is whether they fully represent the interests of the people. The system through which the public is represented is also important; from single-member district or proportional representation. The fundamental aspects are to ensure that the agendas of these parties meet the needs of the society that they represent.

7.      Aspects of democracy

There are different aspects of democracy applied in different countries. This difference is usually based on the level of freedom. Some countries practice total freedom while others are partly free. There is a difference between countries led by populists democracies while other based on autocratic democracy. Canada, for example, is a country that practice democracy associated with total freedom. A country like Mexico, on the other hand, is a democracy but with limited freedom.

8.      Explanations regarding why democracy

An authoritative rule is characterized by the limited amount of freedom for its people. However, they can still be legitimate when the limits of freedom are only on choosing the leaders. They can also be legitimate if they meet the needs of the people with no limitations. Democracies are ideal for ensuring that the society is free. However, sometimes democracies can be defective and lack efficient means of meeting the needs of the people about freedom.

9.      Authoritarian

An authoritarian rule can offer a more efficient system of governance. This is because its decision making is fast and does not need to consult the people. On the other hand, decisions and ideas of democracies have to be agreed upon by the majority and voted for to be legitimate. This consumes time and resources. An authoritarian government can easily drive the mandate of a nation without any limitations. It lacks opposition, and when the mandate is positive, then it can be very beneficial to the society. On the other hand for democracy, a particular mandate has to first resonate with a majority of the people before it can accepted. It can also receive heavy but unnecessary opposition especially from opposing political parties.