Introduction
The Roman Empire employed various architectural designs
when building their cities and towns. Discoveries were as a result of high
population densities and wealth in the roman cities. Roman Empire was able to construct
various structures used by the use of varieties of materials and
knowledge. Great success was achieved in
the kingdom. The chief concern for development and employment of various
designs in various cities such as the pantheon was for the use in public
functions as well as the impression. The
knowledge for development of various architectural designs was acquired from
their forefathers and their neighbors. There are various reservations for the
ancient designs and architectural developments in the ancient Roman Empire to
date. These reservations have been the predominant source of motivation for
various buildings used for public functions. It is mainly in the northern
hemisphere. Pantheon building was commissioned by Marcus Agrippa when Augustus
was in the reign.
Design and Features
The building poses a
circular shape with a large granite portico. There are two sets of four in the
rear side while the front side consists of eight Corinthian columns. The link between the porch and the rotunda is
a vestibule that has a rectangular shape. Pantheon has been one of the greatest
arts of architectural designs in the Roman Empire that has been preserved to
date. The building has continuously been used in its history. Currently, the
building has been dedicated to the Roman Catholic as a dedication to the
martyrs and St. Mary.
In the interior volume
of the pantheon is a cylinder with a dome sphere on the top. The volume inside the cylinder can be carved
b the sphere. This dome has a spread of 43.2 meters. It has lasted to be one of
the greatest domes across the globe. The
height of this dome equals the height in the interior of the pantheon. The dome has other unique features that have
been made with divergent architectural designs making it appear magnificent.
For instance, there are five rows of twenty-eight square coffers (Waddell 29).
The rows are made of radiates that reduce in size from the oculus located at
the center with a measurement of 29 feet at the summit of the dome. The construction of the dome incorporates
some rings that appear to be arranged in series. The rings are made of concrete
with less density. The rings have
reduced thickness near the oculus to about 43.3m hence appearing to have been
made using unique skills of architectural designs. The dome contains some hidden voids and some
recesses in the inner side making the construction appear horror shaped. It hence can serve as continuous arcades
other than a solid mass. The features in
the dome have been constructed with numerous designs that make them appear more
unique from each other. The designs also make the dome be a unique feature of
the pantheon with reference to other features of this construction.
The primary intention of Hadrian the architect
was to make the pantheon look like a Greek temple use the design of Hellenic
architecture. The pantheon was intricate than anything that Romans had ever
seen due to its uniqueness
(Nozedar 54). In the history, construction of rounded buildings
was challenging, and most architecture did not consider them. It is an
indication of how the Pantheon architect designs must have been unique at the
time. The architect was able to make the dome large than the and hence formed a
sphere that could fit the interior space. He designs used for construction of
the interior features made the inside part of the pantheon more magnificent
than the exterior portions. Though the
designs were borrowed from the Greek domes that were used for the purpose of
burials, numerous adjustments were made so that the Pantheon could resemble
something different. The adjustments were made in manners that suited the
designs that were used to construct divergent features of the Pantheon.
The greatest achievements of architectural design in the
Pantheon were as a result of the huge weight of the dome. The engineers who
built the dome were able to lighten by reducing is thickness and selecting
materials that would reduce the weight.
The construction of the columns shows the great achievements that were
used in building the Pantheon. There are
other features that show various designs that architects used during the time
of construction.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the
Pantheon has been one ancient construction seen to reflect the rich
architectural designs that Roman Empire used.
It has been a tool of reference in the construction of many buildings
across the globe. Divergent features of
Pantheon uses different designs that make the whole construction rich in
architect designs. The dome is one of the features that remain amazing to many
due to the manner in which it fit the inner space and the shape. It takes
considering that round shapes difficult to construct in the past. Pantheon is hence a construction that many
architects can learn from while designing.
Work
Cited
Waddell, Gene. Creating the Pantheon:
Design, Materials, and Construction. Roma: L'Erma Di Bretschneider, 2008.
Print.
Nozedar, Adele. The Displayed Signs
& Symbols Sourcebook: An A to Z Compendium of over 1000 Designs.
London: Harper, 2010. Print.
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